yulius hermanto
Breastfeeding: An Ideal food for your Baby
Breast Milk is the ideal food for normal full-term babies, but unfortunately in many Western societies its advantages are not fully utilized. The advantages of breastfeeding can be considered as those for the baby and those for the mother, although these are of course interrelated.
Advantages to the baby
Breastfeeding brings many benefits to the baby:
1. Nutritional. It provides the baby with source of nutrition that changes with the baby's changing metabolic needs.
2. It confers an advantage in intellectual attainment
3. Breastfeeding is anti-infective
4. Antiallergic. The avoidance of foreign proteins in formula feeds reduces risk of asthma and eczema in infants predisposed to these conditions.
5. Protection various illness (e.g. gastroenteritis), atlhough apparent protection against SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) probably related to maternal education, socioeconomic status and birthweight, rather than to breastfeeding.
6. Reduced likelihood and severity of cow's milk protein allergy.
7. Decreased incidence of infant obesity and subsequently type II diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
Advantages to the mother
The mother also gains from breastfeeding in several ways:
1. Succesful breastfeeding brings sense of personal pride and achievement
2.Promotion of a close mother baby relationship which provides security, warmth and comfort to baby.
3. Lactation helps the mother lose weight acquired in pregnancy.
4. Convenience - there is no preparation of formula. It also can be simply expressed, stored, and given to baby by others.
5. Lactational amenorrhea remains the world's most important contraceptive by delaying the return of ovulation.
6. Oxytocin release during breastfeeding contracts the womb and helps its involution
7. Financial benefit, as breastfeeding is free.
8. Breastfeeding confers some health advantages on the mother, as there appears to be some protection against ovarian and premenopausal breast cancer and osteoporosis.
Nutritional aspects
Human milk is uniquely adapted to the requirement of babies, with low levels of protein and minerals compared with the milks of others species. The energy content of human milk (67 kcal/100 ml) is provided by fat (54%), carbohydrate (40%) and protein (6%). Human milk has a very low protein content of only 0.9 g/dl, with a whey-casein ratio of 0.7.
Human milk contains twice the amount of lactalbumin as cow's milk (and is immunologically different), but no lactoglobulin, which is a significant component of the protein constitution of cow's milk. The levels of amino acids such as taurine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and asparagine are especially high. Human milk fat also better absorbed than cow's milk.
Human milk contains more vitamins A, C and E and nicotinic acid than does cow's milk but less vitamin B and K. The low mineral level in human milk results in a low renal solute load for immature kidney. Although calcium and phosphate levels in cow's milk are higher than in human milk, their absorption form cow's milk is much lower.
Techniques of breastfeeding
Preparation for breastfeeding should begin in the antenatal period. Antenatal expression of colostrum may result in an increase in the duration of breastfeeding and a reduction in milk engorgement but may induce labour.
The infant should be put to the breast as soon as possible after delivery, and the timing and duration of feeds should be responsive to the needs of the baby. Breastfeeding at night should be encouraged. Supplementing breast milk with water or glucose reduces the duration of breastfeeding with no compensating benefit, and should be strongly discouraged.
The baby should never be pulled off the breast. The jaw should be released by depressing with the finger at the corner of the baby's mouth. Feeds should be started on alternate breasts. Nipple creams and sprays are unnecessary, application of breast milk to nipples post-feed accelerates healing.
Human milk For Human
Cow's Milk for Cow
Breastfeeding brings many benefits to the baby:
1. Nutritional. It provides the baby with source of nutrition that changes with the baby's changing metabolic needs.
2. It confers an advantage in intellectual attainment
3. Breastfeeding is anti-infective
4. Antiallergic. The avoidance of foreign proteins in formula feeds reduces risk of asthma and eczema in infants predisposed to these conditions.
5. Protection various illness (e.g. gastroenteritis), atlhough apparent protection against SIDS (sudden infant death syndrome) probably related to maternal education, socioeconomic status and birthweight, rather than to breastfeeding.
6. Reduced likelihood and severity of cow's milk protein allergy.
7. Decreased incidence of infant obesity and subsequently type II diabetes, hypertension and hyperlipidemia.
Advantages to the mother
The mother also gains from breastfeeding in several ways:
1. Succesful breastfeeding brings sense of personal pride and achievement
2.Promotion of a close mother baby relationship which provides security, warmth and comfort to baby.
3. Lactation helps the mother lose weight acquired in pregnancy.
5. Lactational amenorrhea remains the world's most important contraceptive by delaying the return of ovulation.
6. Oxytocin release during breastfeeding contracts the womb and helps its involution
7. Financial benefit, as breastfeeding is free.
8. Breastfeeding confers some health advantages on the mother, as there appears to be some protection against ovarian and premenopausal breast cancer and osteoporosis.
Nutritional aspects
Human milk is uniquely adapted to the requirement of babies, with low levels of protein and minerals compared with the milks of others species. The energy content of human milk (67 kcal/100 ml) is provided by fat (54%), carbohydrate (40%) and protein (6%). Human milk has a very low protein content of only 0.9 g/dl, with a whey-casein ratio of 0.7.
Human milk contains twice the amount of lactalbumin as cow's milk (and is immunologically different), but no lactoglobulin, which is a significant component of the protein constitution of cow's milk. The levels of amino acids such as taurine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid and asparagine are especially high. Human milk fat also better absorbed than cow's milk.
Human milk contains more vitamins A, C and E and nicotinic acid than does cow's milk but less vitamin B and K. The low mineral level in human milk results in a low renal solute load for immature kidney. Although calcium and phosphate levels in cow's milk are higher than in human milk, their absorption form cow's milk is much lower.
Techniques of breastfeeding
Preparation for breastfeeding should begin in the antenatal period. Antenatal expression of colostrum may result in an increase in the duration of breastfeeding and a reduction in milk engorgement but may induce labour.
The infant should be put to the breast as soon as possible after delivery, and the timing and duration of feeds should be responsive to the needs of the baby. Breastfeeding at night should be encouraged. Supplementing breast milk with water or glucose reduces the duration of breastfeeding with no compensating benefit, and should be strongly discouraged.
The baby should never be pulled off the breast. The jaw should be released by depressing with the finger at the corner of the baby's mouth. Feeds should be started on alternate breasts. Nipple creams and sprays are unnecessary, application of breast milk to nipples post-feed accelerates healing.
Human milk For Human
Cow's Milk for Cow
