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Acne Vulgaris

March 10th 2010 10:49

Introduction
About 80% from population have ever had acne problems. Acne can be very mild, but can be very big, severe, and uncomfortable.

Acne vulgaris is commonly found in teenagers, but it also can be found in children and adults.

Disease Progression

Acne has variations depends on time. Most of patient feel that fluctuation of number or size of the spots (acne). In female teenagers, it's related to menstruation cycle.

Acne usually becomes more severe for temporary then subsided and disappear in 2-3 years.
But, some people still have this problems, eventhough they already adults.

Psychological Impacts of Acne Vulgaris
Acne can make life becomes uncomfortable, and often happen in teenagers, that is a group of psychologically unstable, because they are still finding their own identity.

Especially, when acne often involved face, and for adolescents face is important part of their body because face is related to our image and impressions.

So, talking about acne is not just about the number and size of the spots, but also involved the patient perception about the acne itself.

What Cause Acne?
There are 3 main component of acne pathogenesis:
1. Androgen, high levels of androgen stimulate production of lipid at the skin and stimulate skin growth.
2. The obstruction of hair follicle by skin growth.
3. Bacterial growth in obstructed hair follicle. That bacteria than also stimulate inflammation, that will result in acne.

Therapy
Acne Therapy is based on that 3 components. But it depends on severity of the acne itself, because some modalities have many side effects.

Kind of Therapy:
1. Relieving hair follicle obstruction ----> vitamin A derivatives, benzoil peroxide
2. Kill the bacteria --------> Antibiotics
3. Lowering lipid production -----> anti-androgen
4. Anti-Inflammation
5. Comedo Extraction.

False Myth about Acne
- Acne is caused by fatty atau sweety food
- Acne is caused by lack of face hygiene
- Acne is caused by hormonal inbalance
- Acne is related with sexual activities.

Those are Fake, not true.

Food doesn't take a part in acne progression.
Face hygiene doesn't change the condition of acne
Most of the patients have a normal hormon levels
Sexual activities, don't provide any different between often, seldom, and over activities.

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Posted By: yulius hermanto - Category: General Health Issues, Skin Care

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Is there Any benefit of Cigarette

March 4th 2010 15:26

Preface
Cigarette is a small roll of finely-cut tobacco leaves wrapped in a cylinder of thin paper for smoking.
Cigarette often being associated with bad impact on our health. In fact, there are lot of people are smokers.
And most of them have already known about health impact of smoking, but they still continue to smoke cigarette. Why?

The Nicotine
Talking about cigarette's related health problems, we must discuss about the composition of cigarette itself. There are 3 main components of cigarette: nicotine, Carbon monoxide and tar.

In this article, i will focus on nicotine. Why?
Because, this substance is more related to cigarette dependency.

Nicotine substance dependence is the most prevalent, most deadly, most costly, yet most treatable of the substance dependencies.

What is Nicotine effect to our body and mind?
hmm, difficult question because i have never smoked. That make it out of my mind.
But, don't worry, because i'am medical student. I'll try to explain from my background of knowledge.

First, nicotine enter our body through inhalation of smoke, then it enter our blood circulation.
Main target of nicotine is our brain. What nicotine do in our brain?
Hmm, maybe burns it, hehehehe.

Nicotine activate several parts in our brain, especially emotional and motivational parts.
It makes us more confident, calm, focus, aware, decrease anger. That make smokers have better performance on long and boring tasks after they smoke a cigarette.

Besides, that nicotine also increase our adrenaline levels, so it increase metabolic rate and also create more free radical.
Free radical accumulation and vascular damage involves in cigarette related Cardiovascular diseases.

hmm, Sounds Scary.

So, we know that nicotine main health benefit is related to short-term mental condition.

The Conclusion
People those are smokers, have a difficulty in smoking cessation because they are feel mentally discomfort while no smoking and not confident to do some tasks.

Hmm, from my poin of view. The Motivation and ability to perform well not Come from the cigarette but it comes from our inner strength.
We are human, we have spirit.

Cigarette only offer u a short-term happiness and bring to us a long-term sadness.

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Posted By: yulius hermanto - Category: General Health Issues

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Save others Lives with Blood donation

May 15th 2009 04:12

Blood is an important component of our body. It also unique and can't be manufactured or replaced by animal blood. But can be transfused from human to human.
Worldwide, blood shortage often can be saw. That's why blood banks organization such as Red Cross is keen on searching for blood donors. The demand of blood increase during holiday or disasters, related to trauma. In United States from 37% of all people who are eligible to donor, only 10% are donor annually.
With blood donation we can help others or maybe we can save others lives, because blood transfusion usually is used in life threatening cases. It's a rare chance, we save others, but we can do it with blood donation.

Benefits from Donated Blood
They need blood because they need to replace their blood lost. For example, surgery patients, trauma victims, hemophilia patients, cancer patients, etc.

Thanks to advances in medical technology, blood can be separated into its different components. Hence, a unit can be broken down into these components, which then can be given to people who have different blood needs.
* Red blood cells are used to treat anemia and blood loss resulting from trauma and surgery. Some heart operations can use up to 20 pints of red cells. Liver transplants normally use 10-20 pints and a hip replacement, 1-3 pints.
* Platelets are commonly used in treating cancers like leukemia. One patient can require the platelets from eight or more individual donations every day for weeks.
* Plasma is used for treating hemophilia, surgical shock, severe burns and immunodeficiency.

There are four major blood types: A. B. AB, and O. Each is divided into Rh positive or negative types. You maybe have learned during school period about O the universal donor, AB as the universal recipient, that's true but not correct. Ideally in deciding a match between donor and recipient must follow a cross-reaction test before the transfusion is gave.
'O' and 'A' blood type are common blood type, and the blood banks frequently run short of during their peak seasons.

Regardless of how rare or how common your blood type is, it's needed. Whatever your blood type, you are important to someone and should donate regularly.

Who are eligible to donor
The inclusion criteria is individual range from 17 to 76 years old, weight at least 110 pounds, younger donors is preferable because they are considered more healthy. Then when you come to blood bank organization you follow a screening before donate your blood.

Blood Donation includes three steps, taking at least an hour.
SCREENING
Before giving blood, you'll complete a health screening. The screening is done to ensure the safety of the blood supply. It requires you to provide your name, address, age, and proof of identification with photo or signature identification. Your pulse, temperature and blood pressure will be recorded, and a drop of blood is taken from your earlobe or finger to be analyzed for sufficient iron level. You'll also have to answer questions about your health, lifestyle and disease risk factors, including inquiries on sexual behavior, which is designed to prevent people with a high risk for HIV, hepatitis, and other infectious diseases from donating blood.

DONATING
After being screened, you'll be seated at a padded table or chair, your arm will be cleaned and a sterile needle will be inserted into a vein in your arm. Then, blood flows from the vein in your arm through a soft-plastic tube, attached to the needle, into a plastic bag at your side. In about 15 minutes, a unit which measures 500 milliliters or a little less than one pint, will have been collected. Then, the needle is removed and a bandage is applied to the wound.

RECOVERING
When you're done, you'll be asked to stay and relax, and have some cookies and refreshments to replenish fluids. While most people are fine immediately afterward, a few feel slightly weak; but the feeling passes quickly. Within a few minutes you can return to school, work, and most other activities.

You can help speed your body's recovery by:
* Drinking extra fluids for the next 24 hours.
* Not smoking for one hour.
* Refraining from heavy muscular or strenuous activity, such as lifting or pushing heavy objects, for at least four hours.

Benefits for the Donor
Blood donation benefits extend beyond those who receive life-giving blood. Donors also receive numerous health benefits. Blood donation benefits to donors include:
* Free health screening: Every time you give blood, a medical technician, doctor or nurse will check your blood pressure and give you a free health screening.
* Reduced risk of heart disease: Some doctors and scientists believe that giving blood may prevent heart disease. Although no conclusive evidence is available, numerous physicians have noted that blood donors typically have fewer cases of heart disease than non-donors. Dr. Harvey Klein, in an article on USA Today, speculates that giving blood regularly reduces the amount of iron in the bloodstream. While iron is an important element and necessary for human life, too much iron may actually damage the heart and circulatory system. Dr. Klein and others believe that reducing blood iron through regular blood donation is a healthy way to potentially lower your risk of heart disease.
* Acts of altruism make you feel good! Giving feels great, especially when you understand that one hour of your time and one pint of blood can save so many people.

The demand for blood never lets up. Every day, thousands of people need donations to live. Before they can receive it, donated blood must go through time-consuming tests. Then, it must be used relatively quickly or it will perish-whole blood for instance, is no longer usable after 42 days. As a result, maintaining an adequate blood supply is a challenge-especially when a disaster occurs, which may cause the need for blood to soar. The only way to meet demand is to have regular donations from healthy volunteers.

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Posted By: yulius hermanto - Category: General Health Issues

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